Tag Archives: Gaming

Articles, Level One Wonk

Cultures of Play, Quanta of Play

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The assumptions, intentions, and design of tabletop roleplaying games are infamously broad; seeing eye to eye on how to play is as primary a challenge as finding a time on the calendar for four to six people. Back in April of 2021, the blog The Retired Adventurer published a post called Six Cultures of Play which still sees reference as a succinct overview of distinct play traditions which have evolved over the last fifty-ish years of structured tabletop roleplaying. Between solid analysis and the author’s own admonitions not to see bright lines between the cultures where there aren’t any, I see the article as a useful model to start thinking about how people game and what they want.

Of course, the gaming world hasn’t stayed still, and from the publication of the original post to the renaming of Twitter to “X” in 2023, fragmentation was the word of the day. Since then, we’ve seen continuing fragmentation joined with an upswell in interest in fairly specific playstyle differentiation, driven by migration away from Wizards of the Coast products and strong take-up of “D&D alternative” products including not only Pathfinder but Daggerheart, Tales of the Valiant, and Draw Steel. The core ideas in the Cultures of Play post still hold true, but the consistent signpost in my mind is in the introduction, where the author describes a culture of play as equivalent to a ‘network of practice’. A community of practice is a group which forms around something they collectively do (or practice) which they have a passion for and want to do better; a network of practice is also that but doesn’t assume the same consistent strength of relationships, therefore being a more appropriate term for a larger, more nebulous group. As broad as a network of practice can be, I don’t really think it aligns with a ‘culture of play’ anymore.

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Articles, Editorial

My gaming group: A twentieth anniversary review

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September of 2025 marks the twentieth anniversary of my current gaming group. Yes, you read that correctly. While I’m not sure of the exact day, twenty years ago either this week or last week I met with five other nerds in the study room of Carnegie Mellon’s newest freshman dorm, New House (which has since been renamed). The organizer, my friend Dan, had swiped the mailing list from an event run by the university’s chapter of White Wolf’s Camarilla Society; he decided that while he wanted nothing to do with a Vampire LARP, he met some cool people at their D&D one-shot event and would want to play D&D with them. We all decided that yes, we’d like to play D&D, and from there we were off. Three more people joined over the next couple of semesters, a lot of games were played, and we were a close-knit group until graduation in May of 2009.

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Articles, System Hack

System Hack: Colony Sim Cortex Foundation

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Let me tell you, I’ve been playing a lot of RimWorld over the last month. The new Odyssey DLC adds a whole dimension to the game that was previously fairly difficult to access: Exploration. With a gravship, it’s possible to go to so many more places on the map, and thankfully they added more things to see on that map as well. Odyssey adds to and enhances the gameplay loop of RimWorld, but thanks to the gravship’s function as a mobile base, that gameplay loop is largely maintained even with the changes.

Thinking about how the gameplay changes and doesn’t change with the addition of the gravship proved to be a good way to start thinking about the gameplay loop of this System Hack. When I’m playing RimWorld, what are elements I want more of that the game isn’t really going to provide? What pieces of the game, on the other hand, are best left to a computer? The trouble with developing an approach to a colony sim RPG is that the genre and its best examples are fairly broad, and you need to make some narrowing decisions very early on.

As I said earlier when discussing my design goals, I’m not trying to emulate RimWorld. Rather, the goal of the game is to provide a similar conceit that leads to storytelling. We are going to be using a few setting concepts from RimWorld to ground the setting of the game, and we are going to be focusing at least notionally on the idea of a colony, a homestead of a handful of people who are trying to make their way on a new world. There are going to be things we want to lean into, like relationships, that can be given significantly more depth at a game table than on a computer. There will be others, like tile-by-tile building layout, that are probably best left on the PC. Ultimately the three elements we want to build from are going to be creating characters, building the settlement, and exploring the world.

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Articles, Editorial

Rules, retcons, and rightsholders: The tough road for superhero RPGs

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Back in November of last year while talking about network effects and how they make you play D&D, I dropped a little bomb. I stated that there has never been a good mass market RPG in the superhero genre. At the time, no one took the bait, but I can imagine some easy dissent there. What about Champions? What about Marvel Super Heroes? How can you possibly hate FASERIP? But yet, I do maintain my position. While there have arguably been good superhero games, none of them have reached mass market popularity and, by the way things are going, none of them ever will. It’s not the fault of any particular game or its design, at least not directly. Instead, the instinctive way that a game designer wants to approach comic book superheroes is one that’s fundamentally at odds with ever seeing broader popularity.

Of course, as one would naturally surmise, that means there’s a different way to write a superhero game that could see broader appeal and generally be more easily used to tell superhero stories. We were even close to having a game that fit in this template actually see some measure of success; what killed it was of course nothing to do with the game but rather the other reason that superhero games can never really succeed, licensing. So let’s look at the flavors of superhero games we get, the flavor of superhero game we want, and why the two aren’t likely to match.

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Articles, Level One Wonk

What actually happens when your group switches games?

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It’s known that table dynamics affect play as much as (and some argue more than) what game you’re sitting down to play. And although both game and player are important, player aims often get talked about less or even disparaged through ‘taxonomies’ which typically valorize the playstyle of the author instead of providing objective analysis. Games are simply easier to discuss and critique; even movements which seemingly downplay the primacy of mechanics end up spending a lot of time discussing written material in the form of modules and settings which rarely if ever lead to the best gaming experience (because of, once again, player dynamics).

I started puzzling over this a few weeks ago, and wanted to return to the discussion at hand because I think it’s an important part of figuring out what you actually want to play. Needless to say, the ‘what’ in this sentence must necessarily be broader than what book you aim to pick up and puzzle through, but that’s always been the case: Even within a single game, editions, supplements, and pre-written material would always enter consideration before a single person sat down at the table. And, of course, the play outcome is still wholly dependent on the group even after the material choices are made.

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Articles, Editorial, Level One Wonk

Network effects make you play D&D

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As children of the social media age, we’ve heard the term ‘network effects’ before. Network effects are the observation that, for certain goods and services, their utility (benefit to the user) increases the more people are using them. The classic example is a social network like Facebook: The more of your friends are on a social network, the more useful it is to you. Services with strong network effects are also built with strong switching costs; a network effect is only defendable if there’s a disincentive to join multiple networks at once, and if leaving one network for another is difficult. This is why extracting your data from a service like Facebook is a pain, and why these services try to prevent you from exporting your contact list at all costs. Make the service more useful by getting more people on it, but then make it hard to leave so these people stay.

What does this have to do with RPGs? There are few direct network effects or switching costs involved with the act of playing a game: You find a group of your friends who are willing to play (and maybe learn) the game, then you play it. If you want to play something else, you put it down. For better or worse, though, roleplaying games are a hobby which involves multiple points of interaction and modes of social signaling. And while the hobby may not have switching costs, it does have barriers to entry. These are both real barriers, like finding a group of people you play well with, scheduling multiple game sessions, and spending a fair amount of time prepping campaigns and characters, as well as imaginary ones, like the amount of effort it takes to learn the next new system, and the risk of playing the ‘wrong game’. It’s important to acknowledge perceived barriers to entry because that’s where network effects within the hobby begin to affect your behavior; specifically, indirect network effects are quietly encouraging you to play D&D.

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Articles, Level One Wonk

On Escapism

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I think I’m getting tired of cyberpunk.

I’ve been deep into the cyberpunk genre since at least high school, reading, watching, and playing everything I could find. It was science fiction that actually resonated with me; computers and body modification and AI all seemed much more pressing, more real than space travel and distant planets, let alone magic and wizards and vampires. When I played Cyberpunk 2020, something I started doing at about 16 years old, I embraced the dystopia of the setting and leaned into the idea that a better way to play the game was a grittier, grimier way to play the game. Even as I lightened up a bit about black market modifiers and blunt trauma damage, the game was an inherently grim one. One of my gaming friends in college reflected on a Cyberpunk game we played where his character was killed at the hands of another PC, the second of a series of exchanges that killed half the party in the span of two sessions. It was actually a great ending for how much intrigue had built up between the characters, but it could still be summed up in three words:

“The future sucks.”

Those are the watchwords of not just Cyberpunk 2020, but arguably the entire genre. Neuromancer is not a book about a hero who changes the world, it’s about a character who, through acting in his own self-interest, releases one of the biggest existential threats the world has yet seen and then nothing happens. William Gibson, Neal Stephenson, George Alec Effinger and other preeminent cyberpunk authors were at their best when writing characters who accepted the worlds around them even as the readers were drawn in to how alien yet upsettingly familiar they were. Good cyberpunk made you think because, like all good science fiction, it was the issues of the present cast upon a vision of the future. The problem is that those visions of the future are here, and yeah, the future sucks.

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