Category Archives: System Hack

Material for your games used by hacking an existing roleplaying game system, from generalist systems like Genesys or GURPS to specific ones like Powered by the Apocalypse or D&D.

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System Hack: Colony Sim Cortex Overworld

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While the focus in RimWorld is on the stretch of land that you’ve claimed for your base, the entire planet is available to you to explore. You can see the spread of different biomes and factions when you select your landing site at the beginning of the game, but really exploring and interacting with the broader world is dependent on either sending out risky caravans or developing later-game technologies like drop pods and (now with Odyssey) gravships. For our System Hack, the base site is likely to feel a bit smaller, and venturing out onto the world map is something that happens sooner. Luckily, we have decades of wilderness exploration in TTRPGs to help us out. When looking at our overworld map, we want to make sure that exploration and venturing beyond the base site both provides interesting decisions and helps us populate a world with people and places that our players will want to explore.

The overworld is also where we start considering some of the setting assumptions of RimWorld, and deciding where we converge or diverge. RimWorld’s implied setting is fascinating, but the place where all of the setting ideas fail to emulsify is in the overworld. Beyond the dispersion of settlements being a clear game contrivance, the lack of any population buildup or agglomeration is just not how any planet would look after years of colonization. There is a line to be walked here; a ‘RimWorld’ would likely self-select for individualists who may want space and to be left alone, but there’s simply too many personal and economic benefits for larger settlement to assume there wouldn’t be any.

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System Hack: Colony Sim Cortex Base Building

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If any one topic is ‘the core’ of this System Hack, this would be it. Base building is the underlying gameplay loop of RimWorld and it is also a topic du jour in RPG circles, with the (admittedly poorly detailed) stronghold building from the D&D days of yore coming back into focus as more gamers want broader storyline opportunities. For our purposes, of course, if we’re making a colony sim we need to make a colony. But what exactly is the best way to do that?

Base building from my perspective is sandwiched between two examples which effectively bracket the space we have to work in. On the heavy end is RimWorld itself, a computer-assisted colony manager where everything is measured out in five foot squares and the player has complete power to place elements as they want them, as long as everything fits. On the light end is the new generation of stronghold building rules, most effectively typified by Free League’s games, notably Forbidden Lands and Twilight:2000. These games add a strong layer atop their roleplay frameworks, but the actual mechanical existence of a Forbidden Lands stronghold is merely a list of buildings with requirements and effects. We know the first item is too much, but we know the second is not enough. So what will base building in our System Hack actually look like?

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System Hack: Colony Sim Cortex Tasks and Work

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When you boil it all the way down, RimWorld is a game where you assign tasks to your colonists and optimize how they get performed. Every time you place down blueprints, place a zone, or add a ‘bill’ to a production structure, you’re effectively communicating a specific task. When it comes to our tabletop colony sim, these sorts of tasks are going to be a cornerstone of the gameplay loop just like how they are in RimWorld. The actual implementation, though, is going to be quite different.

Structured time in RPGs is seen as something to be avoided, at least outside of combat. In most trad games, the passage of time is something either tracked closely in increments no more than a few seconds, or glossed over entirely. We have started to see games, especially games using Free League’s YZE system, paying more attention to the passage of time, while Edge’s new DPS mechanics used in Arkham Horror are assigning a mechanical bounding to the typically loose definition of a ‘scene’ by anchoring characters with a dice pool that exhausts over the span of one scene. It’s useful to consider rules like these for our game, but a Colony Sim is going to require something different. With productive tasks being primary, constant and consistent time tracking is going to be needed to fairly assess what’s going on in the colony.

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System Hack: Colony Sim Cortex Characters

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Characters are the key unit of play in any RPG, and our system hack is going to be no different. For a game modeled after RimWorld, though, we’re going to have to strike a balance between emulation and ease of use, especially considering how many characters may be at play.

Cortex Prime allows for a range of different options for modeling characters, collectively called Prime Sets. Different combinations of Prime Sets lend themselves to different genres, and each one has different rules mods that can be attached to it. Only one Prime Set is required, Distinctions, but luckily it works well for certain traits within the RimWorld framework.

After some consideration, the two core Prime Sets we’re going to use outside of Distinctions are basic ones, Attributes and Skills. Attributes may not be directly used in RimWorld, but giving each character a rating in Physical, Mental, and Social can also be used for stress tracks, recreation type preferences, and other underlying RimWorld properties that wouldn’t fit with other Prime Sets. We’re also going to look into Resources and Relationships, Prime Sets that will be important for the game but perhaps limited at character creation.

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System Hack: Colony Sim Cortex Foundation

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Let me tell you, I’ve been playing a lot of RimWorld over the last month. The new Odyssey DLC adds a whole dimension to the game that was previously fairly difficult to access: Exploration. With a gravship, it’s possible to go to so many more places on the map, and thankfully they added more things to see on that map as well. Odyssey adds to and enhances the gameplay loop of RimWorld, but thanks to the gravship’s function as a mobile base, that gameplay loop is largely maintained even with the changes.

Thinking about how the gameplay changes and doesn’t change with the addition of the gravship proved to be a good way to start thinking about the gameplay loop of this System Hack. When I’m playing RimWorld, what are elements I want more of that the game isn’t really going to provide? What pieces of the game, on the other hand, are best left to a computer? The trouble with developing an approach to a colony sim RPG is that the genre and its best examples are fairly broad, and you need to make some narrowing decisions very early on.

As I said earlier when discussing my design goals, I’m not trying to emulate RimWorld. Rather, the goal of the game is to provide a similar conceit that leads to storytelling. We are going to be using a few setting concepts from RimWorld to ground the setting of the game, and we are going to be focusing at least notionally on the idea of a colony, a homestead of a handful of people who are trying to make their way on a new world. There are going to be things we want to lean into, like relationships, that can be given significantly more depth at a game table than on a computer. There will be others, like tile-by-tile building layout, that are probably best left on the PC. Ultimately the three elements we want to build from are going to be creating characters, building the settlement, and exploring the world.

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System Hack: Colony Sim Cortex Inspiration

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Video games don’t make for easy translations to RPGs, especially if the video game isn’t really an RPG itself. For this continuing System Hack I’m aiming to put together a tabletop RPG that plays like a Colony Sim, and hopefully using Cortex Prime to do it. Before we get into any rules design, though, it’s time to look at my core inspiration for taking this project on in the first place.

RimWorld is a colony sim video game designed by Tynan Sylvester, and now supported and expanded through an entire team at Sylvester’s studio Ludeon Studios. The game was released in 2018 but had been in Early Access for five years at that point, and it continues to see frequent updates and support, including several large DLCs.

So how do we take that concept and translate it into a TTRPG? It’s not about the exact setting of RimWorld, though certain hard sci-fi conceits are going to port over. It’s more about understanding what experience the game produces, and then figuring out which elements of that experience could be employed to good effect in a tabletop game. With that in mind, let’s take a look at RimWorld’s premise and its mechanics, and get in the mood for some reverse engineering.

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System Hack: Colony Sim Cortex Design Goals

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It’s been a while since we’ve seen an extended System Hack at Cannibal Halfling Gaming. Genesys Mecha concluded in September of 2019 and Cyberpunk Chimera concluded in May of 2020. And yes, neither of them were ever expanded into standalone products; while writing did continue behind the scene the scope of the ambition of both of the projects was simply too high to be completed in the spare time of one or even two nerds who also had jobs (and in one case, kids).

With all those caveats out of the way, I’m trying it again anyway. Both Genesys Mecha and Cyberpunk Chimera provided great deep dives and game design ideas, and with that in mind I wanted to set my sights on something that’s both been a personal quest of mine for a little while as well as something that will add to the game design conversation in a positive way (whether or not the article series leads to anything more). Cortex Prime is, in my opinion, one of the most flexible and powerful rules toolkits on the market. It’s also a toolkit that takes some effort and consideration to set up, which has prevented it from taking off in the same way as the similar but much simpler Fate. Cortex Prime also has many fewer worked examples than Fate, which has the exemplary Fate Worlds series as well as a number of Fate System Toolkits; instead, Cortex only has Tales of Xadia as a fully implemented Cortex game outside of its three in-book examples which are too short and a bit too unconventional to be accessible demos (their genres are police procedural, rescue team, and neo-classical fantasy). A good system hack will walk through the various mechanics, mods, and character options and discuss why each choice is made and how they’re going to work in the final product.

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System Hack 101

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Here at Cannibal Halfling we’ve been system hacking for more than six years: Taking game systems we know and love and making them do something else. In some cases this has been fairly concrete, like adding mecha to Genesys or designing a way to play Fiasco with two tables that switch it up at The Tilt. Other times we’ve gotten abstract, talking about dice or playing cards or what ‘advancement’ is. In every case, though, there’s been a common thread: We’ve looked at an existing piece of game design and, with our experience playing and running games, made it do something else.

This sort of hacking is both easier and harder than clean-sheet game design. We’re working with the assumption that the game we’ve chosen works, and works very well, for a core of what we want our game to be about. That means that as we address the things that it doesn’t do well or doesn’t do at all, we need to preserve the strengths that already incited us to pick the game in the first place. Luckily, hacking is built into the culture of roleplaying and, because of that, is often built into the games we play from go. Apocalypse World had an entire chapter on creating custom moves before anyone knew that there was a demand for it. Fate has structured essentially all of its rules supplements into ‘toolkits’ for helping you make the system do what you want. The OSR is predicated on backwards compatibility with the entire d20 universe. We are a hobby composed of hackers.

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System Hack: Using Playing Cards

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Welcome to another System Hack! Way back when I gave an intro to how to use dice and dice statistics in your game designs. This is in some ways a sequel to that article, but given the design assumptions of RPGs it also plays a very different tune. We use dice in RPGs because large swathes of our game mechanics are predicated on the probability of something happening. Success, failure, or something in between is determined by odds that reflect the internal consistency of the setting. This, like so many norms in gaming, comes from wargames and isn’t particularly necessary in many game designs. We have gotten through the checkpoint of ‘you don’t have to use dice’ but the result has been, merely, diceless games. What if we play differently, and steal a deck of cards from the poker set instead of stealing dice from Monopoly?

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System Hack: GURPS Disadvantages

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Welcome back to System Hack! For our second installment of hacking GURPS, we’re going to take a look at the banes of the system’s existence; they’re listed in a separate chapter from the boons. That’s right, we’re looking at disadvantages. GURPS character creation has each player build their character from a set number of character points, which are used to buy attributes, skills, and advantages. There’s also the ability to get points back by reducing attribute values or taking disadvantages. In the case of GURPS, where the quantity and scope of disadvantages is so broad, it takes an eagle eyed GM to make sure that each disadvantage is ‘worth’ the point cost (for advantages players tend to do that themselves, isn’t that weird?). This is generally done by enforcing the disadvantage at the table, making disadvantages in play a lesson in negative reinforcement. To make things even more complicated, some disadvantages aren’t really disadvantages at all. Things like dark secrets and enemies swing the spotlight directly at a character, producing a positive value to the player that isn’t reflected by the negative point value.

While limiting the number and point value of disadvantages in your GURPS game is always prudent, there are other methods out there to make them work without giving any players unfair advantages or feeling like you’re punishing them every time they need to make a self-control roll. After talking a bit about one of the inherent flaws of advantage/disadvantage type systems, I’m going to discuss little hacks to improve the utilization of two common disadvantage mechanics in GURPS: frequency of appearance and self-control rolls.

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